目 录__eol__第 1 章 命题逻辑 ····································································································· 1__eol__1.1 命题与联结词 ······························································································ 1__eol__1.2 命题公式及其赋值 ······················································································· 5__eol__1.3 等值式 ········································································································ 8__eol__1.4 析取范式与合取范式 ·················································································· 10__eol__1.4.1 范式的基本概念 ··············································································· 10__eol__1.4.2 主范式及其表示 ··············································································· 12__eol__1.4.3 主范式的求解 ··················································································· 13__eol__1.4.4 主范式的数量 ··················································································· 15__eol__1.5 联结词的完备集 ························································································· 16__eol__1.5.1 真值函数 ·························································································· 16__eol__1.5.2 联结词完备集 ··················································································· 17__eol__1.6 命题逻辑的推理理论 ·················································································· 18__eol__1.6.1 推理的基本概念 ··············································································· 18__eol__1.6.2 推理定律和推理规则 ········································································ 19__eol__1.6.3 命题逻辑的推理方法 ········································································ 19__eol__1.7 命题逻辑的应用 ························································································· 23__eol__1.7.1 命题公式在计算机中的表示 ······························································ 23__eol__1.7.2 程序优化 ·························································································· 24__eol__1.7.3 资源分配 ·························································································· 24__eol__1.7.4 计算机硬件电路设计 ········································································ 25__eol__1.8 命题逻辑实验 ····························································································· 25__eol__习题 1 ················································································································ 27__eol__第 2 章 一阶逻辑 ···································································································· 30__eol__2.1 一阶逻辑的基本概念 ·················································································· 30__eol__2.2 一阶逻辑公式及其解释 ··············································································· 33__eol__2.2.1 一阶逻辑公式的符号 ········································································ 33__eol__2.2.2 一阶逻辑公式的结构 ········································································ 34__eol__2.2.3 量词的辖域 ······················································································ 34__eol__2.2.4 公式的解释 ······················································································ 35__eol__2.3 一阶逻辑等值式及演算 ··············································································· 37__eol__2.4 一阶逻辑前束范式 ······················································································ 38__eol__2.5 一阶逻辑的推理理论 ·················································································· 39__eol__2.6 一阶逻辑实验 ····························································································· 43__eol__习题 2 ················································································································ 43__eol__第 3 章 集合论 ········································································································ 47__eol__3.1 集合的基本概念 ·································································