目　　录
出版说明
序

第
1章　立式铣床介绍 ···························· 1

1.1　概述······················································ 2

1.2　底座和立柱 ················································· 3
1.3　升降台···················································· 3

1.3.1　床鞍·················································· 4

1.3.2　工作台·················································· 4

1.4　转塔····················································· 5

1.5　悬臂······················································ 5

1.6　铣头····················································· 6

1.6.1　旋转主轴·············································· 6

1.6.2　主轴套筒 ·············································· 8

1.6.3　自动主轴套筒进给 ······························ 9

1.6.4　铣头运动 ············································ 10

1.7　可选配置··················································· 12

第 2章　立式铣床的刀具和夹具 ············ 14

2.1　概述·················································· 15

2.2　刀柄和刀杆 ···································· 15

2.3　切削刀具材料 ··································· 15

2.4　正确的切削刀具存储方法························ 19

2.5　立铣刀···················································· 19

2.5.1　粗加工立铣刀···································· 20

2.5.2　球头立铣刀········································ 20

2.5.3　半径立铣刀········································ 21

2.5.4　圆角铣刀············································ 21

2.5.5　倒角立铣刀········································ 21

2.5.6　锥度立铣刀········································ 22

2.6　平面铣削刀具
··········································· 22

2.7　特种铣削刀具
··········································· 23

2.7.1　T形槽铣刀 ········································ 23
2.7.2　燕尾槽铣刀········································ 23
2.7.3　半圆键槽铣刀···································· 23
2.7.4　锯片铣刀············································ 23
2.7.5　成形铣刀············································ 24

2.8　刀具夹持 ··················································· 24
2.8.1　立铣刀刀具夹持器 ···························· 24
2.8.2　钻头夹盘············································ 25
2.8.3　莫氏锥度转接器 ································ 25
2.8.4　圆筒形立铣刀刀杆 ···························· 25
2.8.5　短心轴················································ 26
2.8.6　R8 夹头·············································· 26
2.9　工件夹持 ··················································· 26
2.9.1　压紧压板············································ 26
2.9.2　铣削虎钳············································ 28

2.9.3　卡盘 /夹头夹具································· 30
2.9.4　真空吸盘、磁性吸盘和粘结剂、基工件夹持装置 ······························· 31
2.9.5　专用夹具········································· 32

第 3章　立式铣床操作 ···························· 33

3.1　概述····················································· 34
3.2　常规铣床安全知识 ····························· 34
3.3　用调整装置调整铣床铣头························ 34
3.4　调整工件夹持装置································ 36
3.4.1　调整铣削虎钳 ···························· 36
3.4.2　调整其他工件夹持装置和大工件····· 38
3.5　铣削操作的速度和进给量························ 39
3.6　孔加工操作 ········································ 41
3.6.1　将孔定位在一个布局 ····················· 41
3.6.2　从一个边定位孔 ····························· 41
3.6.3　定位零件特征的中心 ····················· 42
3.6.4　镗孔···················································· 44
3.7　铣削基础··················································· 46
3.8　加工正方体块 ······································· 47

3.8.1　铣削面 A ········································· 47

3.8.2　铣削面 B ········································ 49

3.8.3　铣削面 C ········································ 49
3.8.4　铣削面 D············································ 50

3.8.5　铣削面 E和面 F ····························· 51
3.8.6　使用角板把块加工成正方体············· 54
3.9　角度铣削··················································· 54


3.9.1　用带角度的刀具铣削····················· 54
3.9.2　通过定位工件铣削角度 ················· 55
3.9.3　通过倾斜铣头来铣削角度················· 58
3.10　铣削台阶、槽和键槽······························ 59
3.10.1　基本的台阶铣削 ·························· 59
3.10.2　槽铣削·············································· 61
3.11铣削半径
················································· 65
3.11.1　铣削外半径（圆角）························ 65
3.11.2　铣削内半径（圆角）························ 66
3.12　腔体铣削················································· 68

第
4章　分度和回转工作台操作············· 71

4.1　概述··························································· 72
4.2　回转工作台的零部件································ 72
4.3　回转工作台的设置
··································· 72
4.4　回转工作台的操作
··································· 74
4.4.1　用于铣削和钻孔的分度定位············· 74
4.4.2　铣削外半径和内半径
························ 75
4.5　分度头······················································· 76
4.5.1　分度头的零件
···································· 76
4.5.2　分度头的设置
···································· 76
4.6　分度头的操作
··········································· 77
4.6.1　直接分度法········································ 77
4.6.2　简单分度法········································ 78

第
5章　数控铣削介绍
···························· 81

5.1　概述··························································· 82
5.2　加工中心的类型
······································· 82
5.3　刀具夹持··················································· 85
5.3.1　数控主轴类型
···································· 85
5.3.2　刀具夹持器类型
································ 86
5.3.3　工件夹紧装置
···································· 90
5.4　工艺规程··················································· 94

第
6章　数控铣削编程
···························· 95

6.1　概述··························································· 96
6.2　铣削的坐标定位
······································· 96
6.3　铣削的转速和进给速度···························· 97
6.3.1　主轴转速············································ 97
6.3.2　进给速度············································ 97

6.4　程序段号··················································· 97

6.5　铣削的运动类型
······································· 97
6.5.1　快速移位—G0 ······························· 97
6.5.2　线性插补—G1 ······························· 99
6.5.3　圆弧插补·········································· 101

6.6　加工操作················································· 108

6.6.1　切削液开关
M指令························· 108
6.6.2　端面铣削·········································· 108
6.6.3　二维铣削·········································· 109
6.6.4　孔加工操作·······································111
6.6.5　固定循环 ···········································113
6.7　刀具半径补偿
········································· 124

第
7章　数控铣削设置和操作··············· 128

7.1　机床控制面板
········································· 129
7.2　工件夹持设置
········································· 131
7.3　机床坐标系和工件坐标系······················ 131
7.4　上电和复位
············································· 132
7.5　工件偏置设置
········································· 132

7.5.1　工件
Z轴的偏置设置
······················ 133

7.5.2　工件
X轴和
Y轴的偏置设置········· 134
7.6　切削刀具················································· 136
7.6.1　切削刀具的安装
······························ 136
7.6.2　切削刀具的偏置类型
······················ 136
7.7　程序入口················································· 140
7.8　机床操作················································· 140
7.8.1　程序验证·········································· 140
7.8.2　自动模式·········································· 141

第
8章　计算机辅助设计和计算
机辅助制造
······························ 142

8.1　概述························································· 143

8.2　CAD软件的应用···································· 143
8.2.1　几何体类型······································ 143
8.2.2　软件类型·········································· 144

8.3　CAM软件的应用
··································· 144
8.3.1　刀具轨迹·········································· 144

8.3.2　加工验证
/仿真······························· 148
8.3.3　后处理·············································· 148