CHAPTER 1COMPUTERS AND DlGlTAL BASICS4 Section A：All Things Digital4 The Digital Revolution6 Data Processing7 Personal Computing8 Network Computing9 Cloud Computing10 Digital Society13 QuickCheck A14 Section B：Digital Devices14 Computer Basics16 Computer Types and Uses20 Microcontrollers21 QuickCheck B22 Section C：Digital Data Representation22 Data Representation Basics23 Representing Numbers，Text，Images，and Sound26 Quantifying Bits and Bytes27 Circuits and Chips28 QuickCheck C29 Section D：Digital Processing29 Programs and Instruction Sets31 Processor Logic33 QuickCheck D34 Section E：Password Security34 AulhenficaljOn Protocols36 Password Hacks38 Secure Passwords41 OuickCheck ECHAPTER 2COMPUTER HARDWARE44 Section A：Personal Computer Basics44 Personal Computer Systems46 Desktop and Portable Computers48 Home，Game，and Small Business Systems50 Buying a Computer53 Handheld Computers54 QuickCheck A55 Section B：Microprocessors and Memo~55 Microprocessor Basics59 Today’s MicrODrOcessOrs60 Random Access Memory62 Read-Only Memory62 EEPROM63 QuickCheck B64 Section C：Storage Devices64 Storage Basics66 Magnetic Storage Technology69 Optical Storage Technology72 Solid State Storage Technology74 Storage Wrap—up75 QuickCheck C76 Section D：Input and Output Devices76 Basic input Devices78 Display Devices80 Printers82 Installing Peripheral Devices85 QuickCheck D86 Section E：Hardwam Security86 Anti．Theft Devices87 Surge Protection and Battery Backup89 Basic Maintenance91 Troubleshootng and Repair93 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 3SOFTWARE96 Section A：Soffwa~Basics96 Software Categories97 Music Software98 Video Software99 Graphics Software101 Mapping and Location?based Software102 Business and“Number Crunching”Software103 Desktop Publishing Software104 PersonaI Finance Software105 Utility Software107 Device Drivers107 QuickCheck A108 Section B：0ffice Suites108 0ffice Suite Basics109 Word Processing112 Spreadsheets115 Databases118 Presentations118 QuickCheck B119 Section C：Installing Software and Upgrades119 WebApps121 Mobile Apps1 22 Local Applications127 Portable Software128 Software Upgrades and Updates129 Uninstalling Software129 QuickCheck C130 Section D：Buying Software130 Consumer Basics132 Software Copyrights and Licenses137 QuickCheck D138 Section E：Security Software138 Security Software Basics142 Security Suites143 Antivirus Modules145 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 4OPERATING SYSTEMS AND FILE MANAGEMENT148 Section A：Operating System Basics148 Operating System Activities153 User Interfaces156 The Bool Process157 QuickCheck A158 Section B：Today’s Operating Systems158 Microsoft Windows161 MacOS164 UNIX and Linux165 DOS166 Handheld and Tablet Operating Systems167 QuickCheck B168 Section C：File Basics168 File Names and Extensions169 File Directories and Folders171 File Formats175 QuickCheck C176 Section D：File Management176 Application—based File Management178 File Management Utilities179 File Management Metaphors180 Windows Explorer182 Physical File Storage185 QuickCheck D186 Section E：Backup Security186 Backup Basics188 File Copies189 Svnch rOnizaliOn190 Windows Backup193 Disk Images and Bare—Metal Restore194 VirtuaI Machines195 Handheld Backup195 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 5LOCAL AREA N ETWORKS198 Section A：Network Building Blocks198 Network CIassmcations200 LAN Advantages and Disadvantages202 Network Devices203 Network Links204 Communications Protocols207 QuickCheck A208 Section B：Wired and Wireless Technologies208 Wired Basics209 Ethernel211 Wireless Basics213 Bluetooth214 Wi—Fi216 QuickCheck B217 Section C：Network Setup217 Setup Overview218 Router lnstallation220 Router Configuration224 InterneI Connection225 Device connection226 QuickCheck C227 Section D：Sharing Files227 File Sharing Basics228 Accessing Shared Files229 Sharing Your Files231 File Servers232 Network TroubIeshooting233 QuickCheck D234 Section E：Wireless Security234 Wi．Fi Security237 Encryption239 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 6THE INTERNET242 Section A：Internet Technology242 Background243 Interne{Infrastructure245 Internet Protocols，Addresses，and Domains249 Connection Speed251 QuickCheck A252 Section B：Fixed Internet Access252 Dial—up Connections254 DSL256 Cable Interne{Service258 Satellite Internel Service259 Fixed Wireless Service260 Fixed Internet Connection Roundup260 QuickCheck B261 Section C：Portable and Mobile Internet Access261 Internet to Go262 Wi—Fi Hotspots264 Portable and Mobile WiMAX264 Portable Satellite Service265 Cellular Data Service268 QuickCheck C269 Section D：Internet Services269 Cloud Computing271 Real-Time Messaging271 Voice Over IP272 Forums，Wikis，Blogs，and Tweets274 Grid Computing275 FTP277 File Sharing Networks278 QuickCheck D279 Section E：Internet Security279 Intrusion Attempts281 Securing Ports282 NAT285 VirtuaI Private Networks285 QuickCheck EChPTER 7THE WEB AND E．MAlL288 Section A：Web Technology288 Web Basics290 HTML292 HTTP294 Web Browsers296 Cookies297 Web Page Authoring299 HTML Scripts301 QuickCheck A302 Section B：Search Engines302 Search Engine Basics306 Formulating Searches310 Using Web—based Source Materia311 QuickCheck B312 Section C：E-commerce312 E-commerce Basics314 E-commerce Site Technology317 Online Payment319 QuickCheck C320 Section D：E．mail320 E—mail Overview322 Local E．mail324 Webmail326 E—mail Attachments327 Netiquette327 QuickCheck D328 Section E：Web and E-mail Security328 Cookie Exploits332 Spam333 Phishing334 Fake Sites335 QuickCheck EDIGlTAL MEDIA338 Section A：Digital Sound338 Digital Audio Basics341 Digital Audio File Formats343 MIDI Music344 Speech Recognition and Synthesis345 QuickCheck A346 Section B：Bitmap Graphics346 Bitmap Basics348 Scanners and Cameras350 Image Resolution353 Color Depth and Palettes356 Image Compression359 QuickCheck B360 Section C：Vector and 3．D Graphics360 Vector Graphics Basics363 Vector--to-Bitmap Conversion364 Vector Graphics on lhe Web365 3-D Graphics367 QuickCheck C368 Section D：Digital Video368 DigitaI Video Basics369 Producing Video Footage371 Video Transfer372 Video Editing373 Video Output375 Web Video377 DVD．Video379 QuickCheck D380 Section E：Digital Rights Management380 Contenf Basics382 DRM Technologies384 Music DRM385 Movie DRM386 eBook DRM386 Enforcemenl387 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 9THE COMPUTER lNDUSTRY：HISTORY，CAREERS，AND ETHICS390 Section A：Computer History390 ManuaI Calculators392 MechanicaI Calculators393 Computer Prototypes395 Generations of Computers399 PersonaI Computers401 QuickCheck A402 Section B：The Computer and IT Industries402 Industry OIverview406 Economic Factors407 ProducI Life Cycles409 Markel Share410 Marketing Channels412 Industry Regulation413 QuickCheck B414 Section C：Careers for Computer Professionals414 Jobs and Salaries418 Education and Cedification421 Job Hunting Basics422 Resumes and Web Pondlios424 Job Listings426 QuickCheck C427 Section D：ProfessionaI Ethics427 Ethics Basics429 JT Ethics433 Ethical Decision Making436 Whistleblowing437 QuickCheck D438 Section E：Work Area Safety and Ergonomics438 Radiation Risks440 Repetitive Stress Injuries442 Eye Strain444 Back Pain444 Sedentary Lifestyle445 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 10lNFORMATlON SYSTEMS ANALYSlS AND DESIGN448 Section A：Information Systems448 Information Systems in Organizations451 Transaction Processing Systems453 Management Information Systems454 Decision Support Systems456 Expert Systems and Neural Networks457 QuickCheck A458 Section B：Systems Analysis458 System Development Life Cycle459 Planning Phase463 Analysis Phase464 Documentation Tools467 QuickCheck B468 Section C：System Design468 Design Phase471 Evaluation and Selection473 Application Specifications474 QuickCheck C475 Section D：Implementation and Maintenanc475 ImpIementatiOn Phase475 Development and Testing477 Documentation and Training478 Conversion and Cutover479 Maintenance Phase481 QuickCheck D482 Section E：Corporate Data Security482 Information System Data Vulnerabilities484 Information System Data Security486 Corporate Identity Theft487 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 11DATABAS ES490 Section A：File and Database Concepts490 Database Basics494 Database Models50l QuickCheck A502 Section B：Data Management Tools502 Data Management Software505 Database Management Systems507 Databases and the Web510 XML512 QuickCheck B513 Section C：Database Design513 Defining Fields517 Normalization519 Organizing Records520 Designing the Interface522 Designing Report Templates524 Loading Data524 QuickCheck C525 Section D：SQL525 SQL Basics527 Adding Records528 Searching for Information530 Updating Fields531 Joining Tables532 QuickCheck D533 Section E：Database Security533 Database Vulnerabilities535 Database Security Measures537 Database Security Regulations538 Whaf Jndividuals Can Do539 QuickCheck ECHAPTER 12COMPUTER PROGRAMMING542 Section A：Programming Basics542 Computer Programming and Software Engineering544 Programming Languages and Paradigms548 Program Planning550 Program Coding553 Program Testing and Documentation554 Programming Tools556 QuickCheck A557 Section B：Procedural Programming557 Algorithms560 Expressing an Algorithm563 Sequence，Selection，and Repetition Controls568 Procedural Languages and Applications569 QuickCheck B570 Section C：Object?oriented Programming570 Objects and Ctasses572 Inheritance573 Methods and Messages577 Object—oriented Prog ram Structure579 Object?oriented Languages and Applications580 QuickCheck C581 Section D：Declarative Programming581 The Declarative Paradigm582 Prolog Facts586 Prolog Rules589 lnduct Capabilities590 Declarative Languages and Applications590 QuickCheck D591 Section E：Secure Programming591 Black Hat Exploits593 Secure Software Development596 Mitigation597 QuickCheck E598 GLOSSARY