- 科学出版社
- 9787030453266
- 2版
- 42251735-9
- 16开
- 2025-01
- 913
- 医学
- 基础医学类
- 医药卫生大类
- 医药
- 本科(长学制)
内容简介
本书是我国高等医学院校本科在华留学生和中、英双语教学的生物化学教科书,内容为医学专业类学生应该掌握的基础生物化学与分子生物学理论、基本知识和基本技能,同时也兼顾国家医师执业考试的要求。全书23章,内容分三个板块,分别包括蛋白质、核酸、维生素、酶和糖复合物的结构与功能;糖、脂、氨基酸、核苷酸和矿物质的代谢,以及生物氧化、血液和肝脏的代谢特点和代谢的整合与调节;DNA、RNA和蛋白质的生物合成、DNA损伤与修复、DNA技术、基因组学与蛋白质组学等组学,以及细胞信号转导和癌基因、肿瘤抑制基因和生长因子。全书共有插图342幅,表格67个。为了更好适应医学教学改革的需要,彰显医学生用生物化学教科书的医学专业特色,本书第二版增添了生物化学与医学联系的知识框70个,在分子水平上对某些临床医学现象进行解读。本书还特别注重在华留学生和双语教学的需要,重要的英文专业名词和术语均在其后标有相应的中文,并在书后附有名词释义,对重要的术语给出简洁、准确的概念。各章后均有中、英文对照小结。
目录
Contents
Introduction(1)
Chapter 1Structures and Functions of Proteins(4)
1.1Amino Acid Composition in Proteins(4)
1.2Molecular Structure of Proteins(7)
1.3StructureFunction Relationship of Proteins(13)
1.4Classification of Proteins(18)
1.5Protein Physicochemical Properties and Protein Exploration(18)
Chapter 2Structures and Functions of Nucleic Acids(27)
2.1Structural Units of Nucleic Acids—Nucleotides(27)
2.2Structures and Functions of DNA(29)
2.3Structures and Functions of RNA(34)
2.4Properties of Nucleic Acids(37)
2.5Nucleases(39)
Chapter 3Vitamins(41)
3.1Fatsoluble Vitamins(41)
3.2Watersoluble Vitamins(46)
Chapter 4Enzymes(53)
4.1Structure and Function of Enzymes(53)
4.2Properties and Catalytic Mechanisms of Enzymes(55)
4.3Kinetics of EnzymeCatalyzed Reactions(58)
4.4Regulatory Enzymes(65)
4.5Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes(67)
4.6Clinical Applications of Enzymes(68)
Chapter 5Glycoconjugates(72)
5.1Molecular Structures of Glycans(72)
5.2Structures and Functions of Glycoproteins(73)
5.3Structures and Functions of Proteoglycans(76)
5.4Structures and Functions of Glycolipids(78)
Chapter 6Biological Oxidation(82)
6.1Electron Transport Chain(82)
6.2Oxidative Phosphorylation(88)
6.3ATP and the Other High Energy Compounds(91)
6.4Selective Transport across the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane(92)
6.5Other Biological Oxidations(94)
Chapter 7Carbohydrate Metabolism(96)
7.1Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates(96)
7.2Anaerobic Degradation of Glucose(97)
7.3Aerobic Oxidation of Glucose(101)
7.4Pentose Phosphate Pathway(105)
7.5Glycogen Formation and Degradation(107)
7.6Gluconeogenesis(112)
7.7Blood Sugar and Its Regulation(115)
Chapter 8Lipid Metabolism(119)
8.1Fatty Acids and Derivatives of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids(119)
8.2Digestion and Absorption of Lipids(122)
8.3Metabolism of Fats(123)
8.4Metabolism of Phospholipids(132)
8.5Metabolism of Cholesterol(135)
8.6Metabolism of Plasma Lipoproteins(137)
Chapter 9Protein Catabolism(146)
9.1Nutritional Roles of Dietary Proteins (146)
9.2Digestion, Absorption and Putrefaction of Dietary Proteins(147)
9.3Degradation of Protein in Cells(149)
9.4General Catabolism of Amino Acids(149)
9.5Metabolism of Ammonia(153)
9.6Individual Amino Acid Catabolism (156)
Chapter 10Nucleotide Metabolism (166)
10.1Biological and Medical Functions of Nucleotides(166)
10.2Degradation of Nucleic Acids (166)
10.3Metabolism of Purine Nucleotides(167)
10.4Metabolism of Pyrimidine Nucleotides(171)
10.5Deoxyribonucleotide Biosynthesis(173)
10.6Biosynthesis of Nucleoside Diphosphate and Nucleoside Triphosphate(174)
10.7Dysmetabolism of Nucleotides and Antimetabolites(175)
Chapter 11Blood Biochemistry(178)
11.1Plasma Proteins(178)
11.2Structure and Function of Albumin(181)
11.3Synthesis of Hemoglobin and Its Regulation(182)
11.4Metabolism of Blood Cells(185)
Chapter 12Liver Biochemistry(190)
12.1The Role of Liver in Material Metabolism(190)
12.2Hepatic Biotransformation(192)
12.3Metabolism of Bile Acid(197)
12.4Bile Pigment Metabolism and Jaundice(201)
Chapter 13Mineral Biochemistry(207)
13.1Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Metabolism(207)
13.2Trace Elements(210)
Chapter 14Integration and Regulation of Metabolism(214)
14.1Common Characteristics of Metabolism(214)
14.2Interconnections of Metabolism(215)
14.3Metabolic Specializations of Some Organs(217)
14.4Regulatory Strategy of Metabolism(219)
Chapter 15DNA Biosynthesis(229)
15.1General Features of DNA Replication (229)
15.2Enzymology and Topology of DNA Replication (231)
15.3Replication of Prokaryotic Systems(235)
15.4Replication of Eukaryotic Systems(237)
15.5Reverse Transcription and Other Modes of DNA Replication(240)
Chapter 16DNA Damage and Repair(243)
16.1DNA Damage(243)
16.2Repair of DNA Damage(245)
16.3Significance of DNA Damage and Repair to DNA Damage(248)
Chapter 17RNA Biosynthesis and Processing(250)
17.1Overview of Transcription(250)
17.2Transcription in Prokaryotes(252)
17.3Transcription in Eukaryotes(256)
17.4Processing of Eukaryotic RNAs(261)
Chapter 18Protein Biosynthesis, Modification and Targeting(269)
18.1Machinery Involved in Translation(269)
18.2Amino Acid Activation(273)
18.3Protein Biosynthesis Journey(274)
18.4Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Targeting(281)
18.5Clinical Correlation of Protein Biosynthesis(286)
Chapter 19Regulation of Gene Expression (289)
19.1General Characteristics of Gene Expression(289)
19.2Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes(291)
19.3Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes(296)
Chapter 20DNA Technologies(303)
20.1Molecular Hybridization(303)
20.2DNA Sequencing(305)
20.3Polymerase Chain Reaction(306)
20.4Recombinant DNA Technology (311)
20.5Transgenesis and Gene Targeting(316)
20.6Gene Diagnosis and Gene Therapy(317)
Chapter 21Signal Transduction(323)
21.1Signal Molecules(323)
21.2Receptors(324)
21.3Signal Transduction Pathways(328)
21.4Signal Transduction Network(340)
21.5Signal Transduction and Medicine(340)
Chapter 22Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes and Growth Factors(343)
22.1Oncogenes(343)
22.2Tumor Suppressor Genes(347)
22.3Growth Factors(350)
Chapter 23Genomics, Proteomics, and Other Omics(353)
23.1Genomics(353)
23.2Proteomics(355)
23.3Other Omics(357)
23.4Omics and Medicine(358)
The Major References(360)
Index(361)
Glossary(369)
Introduction(1)
Chapter 1Structures and Functions of Proteins(4)
1.1Amino Acid Composition in Proteins(4)
1.2Molecular Structure of Proteins(7)
1.3StructureFunction Relationship of Proteins(13)
1.4Classification of Proteins(18)
1.5Protein Physicochemical Properties and Protein Exploration(18)
Chapter 2Structures and Functions of Nucleic Acids(27)
2.1Structural Units of Nucleic Acids—Nucleotides(27)
2.2Structures and Functions of DNA(29)
2.3Structures and Functions of RNA(34)
2.4Properties of Nucleic Acids(37)
2.5Nucleases(39)
Chapter 3Vitamins(41)
3.1Fatsoluble Vitamins(41)
3.2Watersoluble Vitamins(46)
Chapter 4Enzymes(53)
4.1Structure and Function of Enzymes(53)
4.2Properties and Catalytic Mechanisms of Enzymes(55)
4.3Kinetics of EnzymeCatalyzed Reactions(58)
4.4Regulatory Enzymes(65)
4.5Nomenclature and Classification of Enzymes(67)
4.6Clinical Applications of Enzymes(68)
Chapter 5Glycoconjugates(72)
5.1Molecular Structures of Glycans(72)
5.2Structures and Functions of Glycoproteins(73)
5.3Structures and Functions of Proteoglycans(76)
5.4Structures and Functions of Glycolipids(78)
Chapter 6Biological Oxidation(82)
6.1Electron Transport Chain(82)
6.2Oxidative Phosphorylation(88)
6.3ATP and the Other High Energy Compounds(91)
6.4Selective Transport across the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane(92)
6.5Other Biological Oxidations(94)
Chapter 7Carbohydrate Metabolism(96)
7.1Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates(96)
7.2Anaerobic Degradation of Glucose(97)
7.3Aerobic Oxidation of Glucose(101)
7.4Pentose Phosphate Pathway(105)
7.5Glycogen Formation and Degradation(107)
7.6Gluconeogenesis(112)
7.7Blood Sugar and Its Regulation(115)
Chapter 8Lipid Metabolism(119)
8.1Fatty Acids and Derivatives of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids(119)
8.2Digestion and Absorption of Lipids(122)
8.3Metabolism of Fats(123)
8.4Metabolism of Phospholipids(132)
8.5Metabolism of Cholesterol(135)
8.6Metabolism of Plasma Lipoproteins(137)
Chapter 9Protein Catabolism(146)
9.1Nutritional Roles of Dietary Proteins (146)
9.2Digestion, Absorption and Putrefaction of Dietary Proteins(147)
9.3Degradation of Protein in Cells(149)
9.4General Catabolism of Amino Acids(149)
9.5Metabolism of Ammonia(153)
9.6Individual Amino Acid Catabolism (156)
Chapter 10Nucleotide Metabolism (166)
10.1Biological and Medical Functions of Nucleotides(166)
10.2Degradation of Nucleic Acids (166)
10.3Metabolism of Purine Nucleotides(167)
10.4Metabolism of Pyrimidine Nucleotides(171)
10.5Deoxyribonucleotide Biosynthesis(173)
10.6Biosynthesis of Nucleoside Diphosphate and Nucleoside Triphosphate(174)
10.7Dysmetabolism of Nucleotides and Antimetabolites(175)
Chapter 11Blood Biochemistry(178)
11.1Plasma Proteins(178)
11.2Structure and Function of Albumin(181)
11.3Synthesis of Hemoglobin and Its Regulation(182)
11.4Metabolism of Blood Cells(185)
Chapter 12Liver Biochemistry(190)
12.1The Role of Liver in Material Metabolism(190)
12.2Hepatic Biotransformation(192)
12.3Metabolism of Bile Acid(197)
12.4Bile Pigment Metabolism and Jaundice(201)
Chapter 13Mineral Biochemistry(207)
13.1Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Metabolism(207)
13.2Trace Elements(210)
Chapter 14Integration and Regulation of Metabolism(214)
14.1Common Characteristics of Metabolism(214)
14.2Interconnections of Metabolism(215)
14.3Metabolic Specializations of Some Organs(217)
14.4Regulatory Strategy of Metabolism(219)
Chapter 15DNA Biosynthesis(229)
15.1General Features of DNA Replication (229)
15.2Enzymology and Topology of DNA Replication (231)
15.3Replication of Prokaryotic Systems(235)
15.4Replication of Eukaryotic Systems(237)
15.5Reverse Transcription and Other Modes of DNA Replication(240)
Chapter 16DNA Damage and Repair(243)
16.1DNA Damage(243)
16.2Repair of DNA Damage(245)
16.3Significance of DNA Damage and Repair to DNA Damage(248)
Chapter 17RNA Biosynthesis and Processing(250)
17.1Overview of Transcription(250)
17.2Transcription in Prokaryotes(252)
17.3Transcription in Eukaryotes(256)
17.4Processing of Eukaryotic RNAs(261)
Chapter 18Protein Biosynthesis, Modification and Targeting(269)
18.1Machinery Involved in Translation(269)
18.2Amino Acid Activation(273)
18.3Protein Biosynthesis Journey(274)
18.4Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Targeting(281)
18.5Clinical Correlation of Protein Biosynthesis(286)
Chapter 19Regulation of Gene Expression (289)
19.1General Characteristics of Gene Expression(289)
19.2Regulation of Gene Expression in Prokaryotes(291)
19.3Regulation of Gene Expression in Eukaryotes(296)
Chapter 20DNA Technologies(303)
20.1Molecular Hybridization(303)
20.2DNA Sequencing(305)
20.3Polymerase Chain Reaction(306)
20.4Recombinant DNA Technology (311)
20.5Transgenesis and Gene Targeting(316)
20.6Gene Diagnosis and Gene Therapy(317)
Chapter 21Signal Transduction(323)
21.1Signal Molecules(323)
21.2Receptors(324)
21.3Signal Transduction Pathways(328)
21.4Signal Transduction Network(340)
21.5Signal Transduction and Medicine(340)
Chapter 22Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes and Growth Factors(343)
22.1Oncogenes(343)
22.2Tumor Suppressor Genes(347)
22.3Growth Factors(350)
Chapter 23Genomics, Proteomics, and Other Omics(353)
23.1Genomics(353)
23.2Proteomics(355)
23.3Other Omics(357)
23.4Omics and Medicine(358)
The Major References(360)
Index(361)
Glossary(369)









