Introduction v
Entry test vii
1 Present tenses 现在时态
　present simple; present continuous; state verbs
　Test practice： Listening Section 1
2 Past tenses 1 过去时态
　past simple; past continuous; used to; would
　Test practice： Academic Reading
3 Present perfect 现在完成时
　present perfect simple; present perfect continuous
　Test practice： General Training Writing Task 1
4 Past tenses 2 过去时态
　past perfect simple; past perfect continuous
　Test practice： Academic Reading
5 Future 1 将来时态
　plans， intentions and predictions： present continuous; going to; will
　Test practice： General Training Reading
6 Future 2 将来时态
　present simple; be about to; future continuous; future perfect
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2
7 Countable and uncountable nouns 可数名词和不可数名词
　countable and uncountable nouns; quantity expressions （many， much， a lot of，some， any， a few， few， no）
　Test practice： Academic Reading
8 Referring to nouns 指称名词
　articles; other determiners （demonstratives， possessives， inclusives： each，every， both， all etc.）
　Test practice： Listening Section 4
9 Pronouns and referencing 代词及其指代
　personal， possessive and reflexive pronouns; avoiding repetition
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2
10 Adjective and adverbs 形容词和副词
　describing things： adding information about manner， place， time， frequency and intensity
　Test practice： General Training Reading
11 Comparing things 比较事物
　comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs; other ways of comparing
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1
12 The noun phrase 名词短语
　noun + prepositional phrase; noun + participle clause; noun + to-infinitive clause
　Test practice： Academic Reading
13 Modals 1 情态动词 1
　ability; possibility; alternatives to modals
　Test practice： Listening Section 4
14 Modals 2 情态动词 2
　obligation and necessity; suggestions and advice; adverbs
　Test practice： General Training Reading
15 Reported speech 间接引语
　tense changes; time references; reporting questions; reporting verbs
　Test practice： Listening Section 3
16 Verb+ verb patterns 动词+动词形式
　verb + to-infinitive; verb + -ing; verb + preposition + -ing; verb + infinitive without to
　Test practice： Academic Reading
17 Likelihood based on conditions 1 基于条件的可能性 1
　zero， first and second conditionals; other ways to introduce a condition
　Test practice： Academic Reading
18 Likelihood based on conditions 2 基于条件的可能性 2
　third conditional; mixed conditionals; wishes and regrets; should（n't） have
　Test practice： Academic Reading
19 Prepositions 介词
　prepositions after verbs， adjectives and nouns; prepositional phrases
　Test practice： Listening Section 2
20 Relative clauses 关系从句
　relative pronouns; defining and non-defining relative clauses; prepositions
　Test practice： Academic Reading
21 Ways of organising texts 组织文章的方式
　subject choice; introductory it; ellipsis; organising information; it- and what-clauses
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2
22 The passive 被动语态
　the passive; reporting with passive verbs， have something done， need + -ing
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1
23 Linking ideas 概念之间的连接
　conjunctions， adverbials and prepositions; linking expressions
　Test practice： Academic Reading
24 Showing your position in a text 在文中表明你的立场
　pronouns; adverbs; verbs; adjectives
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 2
25 Nominalisation in written English 书面英语中的名词化
　forming nouns from other parts of speech （verbs， adjectives and linking words）
　Test practice： Academic Writing Task 1
Key 223
Recording scripts
Appendix 1： Irregular verbs
Appendix 2： Phrasal verbs
CD tracklist