- 中国铁道出版社
- 9787113302740
- 1版
- 559844
- 16开
- 2024-06
- 计算机类
- 本科
内容简介
本书是普通高等教育“十四五”规划教材，从Java的基础知识到高级特性，帮助读者逐步掌握Java编程。全书共九章，包括： Java简介与环境配置，Java数据类型与变量，运算符、表达式与流程控制语句，方法、数组与字符串处理，面向对象程序设计，继承与多态，Java系统类及应用，输入/输出，Java集合框架。本书不仅涵盖了理论知识，还通过大量的案例和实践活动，确保读者能够将理论应用于实际编程中，从而全面提升Java编程能力。本书适合作为高等院校计算机及其相关专业的教材，也可以作为浙江省高校计算机等级考试二级《Java程序设计》的辅导用书，同时还可用作职业教育教材和Java爱好者的自学教材。
目录
目录
Java简介与环境配置 ..............................................................................1第1章
1.1 Java概览............................................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Java的历史 ............................................................................................................2
1.1.2 Java的主要特性 ....................................................................................................3
1.1.3 Java的应用领域 ....................................................................................................4
1.2 Java 17的下载、安装及配置 ...........................................................................................5
1.2.1 下载Java 17 ...........................................................................................................6
1.2.2 安装Java 17 ...........................................................................................................6
1.2.3 配置环境变量 ........................................................................................................7
1.3 IDE的选择与使用 ............................................................................................................9
1.3.1 IntelliJ IDEA ..........................................................................................................9
1.3.2 Visual Studio Code ...............................................................................................11
1.4 第一个Java 17程序 ........................................................................................................12
1.4.1 在Windows命令行下创建项目 .........................................................................12
1.4.2 在IntelliJ IDEA中创建项目 ..............................................................................13
1.4.3 编写代码 ..............................................................................................................16
1.4.4 运行和调试 ..........................................................................................................21
小结 ..........................................................................................................................................26
思考与练习 ..............................................................................................................................26
Java数据类型与变量 ............................................................................29第2章
2.1 Java数据类型..................................................................................................................30
2.1.1 数据类型概述 ......................................................................................................30
2.1.2 Java基本数据类型和字面量 ..............................................................................31
2.1.3 转义序列 ..............................................................................................................38
2.2 变量和常量 ......................................................................................................................40
2.2.1 变量的声明和初始化 ..........................................................................................40
2.2.2 常量的定义 ..........................................................................................................44
2.2.3 类型推断的改进 ..................................................................................................47
2.3 枚举类型 ..........................................................................................................................50
Java程序设计
2.3.1 枚举的定义 .............................................................................................................50
2.3.2 枚举的使用 .............................................................................................................53
2.4 类型转换 .............................................................................................................................58
2.4.1 隐式类型转换 .........................................................................................................58
2.4.2 显式类型转换 .........................................................................................................60
2.4.3 案例研究与实践 .....................................................................................................62
综合实训 .....................................................................................................................................66
小结 .............................................................................................................................................68
思考与练习 .................................................................................................................................68
运算符、表达式与流程控制语句 ...........................................................71第3章
3.1 运算符和表达式 .................................................................................................................71
3.1.1 运算符 .....................................................................................................................72
3.1.2 表达式 .....................................................................................................................87
3.2 条件判断语句 .....................................................................................................................93
3.2.1 if和if-else语句 .....................................................................................................93
3.2.2 switch语句 .............................................................................................................95
3.3 循环结构 ...........................................................................................................................102
3.3.1 while和do-while循环 .........................................................................................102
3.3.2 for语句 .................................................................................................................104
3.3.3 break和continue语句 .........................................................................................106
3.3.4 循环语句嵌套 .......................................................................................................107
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................113
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................114
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................115
方法、数组与字符串处理 ....................................................................117第4章
4.1 方法 ...................................................................................................................................118
4.1.1 方法的定义 ...........................................................................................................118
4.1.2 方法的参数 ...........................................................................................................119
4.1.3 方法的参数传递 ...................................................................................................121
4.1.4 方法的作用域 .......................................................................................................121
4.1.5 方法的调用 ...........................................................................................................122
目 录
III
4.1.6 方法的返回值 ........................................................................................................124
4.2 数组 ....................................................................................................................................130
4.2.1 数组的定义和创建 ................................................................................................130
4.2.2 数组的操作 ............................................................................................................131
4.2.3 数组的遍历 ............................................................................................................132
4.2.4 二维数组 ................................................................................................................134
4.2.5 数组的特殊操作与技巧 ........................................................................................136
4.2.6 排序与检索算法 ....................................................................................................144
4.3 字符串 ................................................................................................................................155
4.3.1 字符串的定义与初始化 ........................................................................................156
4.3.2 字符串的常用操作 ................................................................................................156
4.3.3 字符串的比较与查找 ............................................................................................157
4.3.4 字符串方法的更新 ................................................................................................158
4.3.5 字符串的应用案例 ................................................................................................159
4.3.6 文本块的使用 ........................................................................................................161
综合实训 ....................................................................................................................................166
小结 ............................................................................................................................................170
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................171
面向对象程序设计 ...............................................................................177第5章
5.1 面向对象 ............................................................................................................................178
5.1.1 常用的术语 ............................................................................................................178
5.1.2 面向对象和面向过程的区别 ................................................................................179
5.1.3 对象 ........................................................................................................................180
5.1.4 类 ............................................................................................................................181
5.1.5 构造方法的概念与使用 ........................................................................................181
5.2 类、对象及关系 ................................................................................................................183
5.2.1 类的创建 ................................................................................................................183
5.2.2 对象的创建和使用 ................................................................................................187
5.2.3 类和对象综合实践 ................................................................................................189
5.2.4 UML .......................................................................................................................193
5.3 封装性 ................................................................................................................................198
5.3.1 访问控制 ................................................................................................................198
Java程序设计
5.3.2 Getter和Setter方法 ............................................................................................203
5.4 构造方法与初始化块 .......................................................................................................207
5.4.1 构造方法 ...............................................................................................................207
5.4.2 初始化块 ...............................................................................................................213
5.5 Java包和模块化...............................................................................................................218
5.5.1 包的定义和引用 ...................................................................................................218
5.5.2 模块化 ...................................................................................................................223
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................225
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................227
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................228
继承与多态 ..........................................................................................230第6章
6.1 继承 ...................................................................................................................................230
6.1.1 基础类和派生类 ...................................................................................................231
6.1.2 方法的重载和覆盖 ...............................................................................................235
6.1.3 继承的特点与应用 ...............................................................................................236
6.2 抽象类与接口 ...................................................................................................................237
6.2.1 抽象类和抽象方法 ...............................................................................................238
6.2.2 接口的定义和实现 ...............................................................................................242
6.2.3 接口的默认方法和私有方法 ...............................................................................246
6.2.4 接口的特点与应用 ...............................................................................................248
6.2.5 接口和抽象类的区别 ...........................................................................................249
6.3 多态 ...................................................................................................................................249
6.3.1 多态的概念 ...........................................................................................................249
6.3.2 多态的实现方式 ...................................................................................................252
6.3.3 多态的实际应用 ...................................................................................................256
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................261
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................264
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................265
Java系统类及应用 .............................................................................267第7章
7.1 Java常用系统类...............................................................................................................267
7.1.1 Object类 ...............................................................................................................268
目 录
7.1.2 包装类 ...................................................................................................................271
7.1.3 数学类 ...................................................................................................................274
7.1.4 时间日期类 ...........................................................................................................276
7.1.5 其他系统类 ...........................................................................................................280
7.2 异常处理机制 ...................................................................................................................283
7.2.1 异常的分类与原因 ...............................................................................................283
7.2.2 编译时异常检查 ...................................................................................................285
7.2.3 运行时异常处理 ...................................................................................................288
7.2.4 try-catch-finally语句 ............................................................................................289
7.2.5 自定义异常 ...........................................................................................................294
7.2.6 异常处理的高级主题 ...........................................................................................297
7.2.7 异常的最佳实践 ...................................................................................................298
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................299
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................301
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................302
输入/输出 ..........................................................................................305第8章
8.1 输入/输出基础................................................................................................................305
8.1.1 文件和流的概念 ...................................................................................................306
8.1.2 字节流和字符流 ...................................................................................................309
8.1.3 缓冲流 ...................................................................................................................312
8.2 标准输入/输出................................................................................................................314
8.2.1 System.in, System.out, System.err ........................................................................315
8.2.2 重定向标准输入/输出 ........................................................................................315
8.2.3 控制台I/O与文件I/O的互操作 ........................................................................315
8.3 文件读写 ...........................................................................................................................317
8.3.1 顺序文件读写 .......................................................................................................317
8.3.2 随机文件访问 .......................................................................................................320
8.4 文件操作 ...........................................................................................................................323
8.4.1 File类的使用 .......................................................................................................323
8.4.2 文件系统操作 .......................................................................................................328
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................331
Java程序设计
小结 ............................................................................................................................................333
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................333
Java集合框架 .....................................................................................337第9章
9.1 集合框架概述 ....................................................................................................................338
9.2 泛型简介 ............................................................................................................................338
9.2.1 泛型的概念及其必要性 ........................................................................................338
9.2.2 泛型的语法 ............................................................................................................339
9.2.3 泛型的使用 ............................................................................................................339
9.2.4 泛型的作用 ............................................................................................................340
9.2.5 泛型在实际编程中的深入应用 ............................................................................340
9.2.6 泛型的限定 ............................................................................................................340
9.3 List接口及其实现 ............................................................................................................340
9.3.1 List接口简介 ........................................................................................................341
9.3.2 ArrayList类 ...........................................................................................................341
9.3.3 LinkedList类 .........................................................................................................342
9.4 Map接口及其实现 ...........................................................................................................342
9.4.1 Map接口简介 .......................................................................................................342
9.4.2 HashMap类 ...........................................................................................................343
9.5 ArrayList和HashMap的异同 ..........................................................................................344
9.5.1 共同点 ....................................................................................................................344
9.5.2 不同点 ....................................................................................................................344
9.6 高级特性和最佳实践 ........................................................................................................345
9.6.1 高级特性 ................................................................................................................345
9.6.2 最佳实践 ................................................................................................................346
综合实训 ....................................................................................................................................347
小结 ............................................................................................................................................352
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................353
Java简介与环境配置 ..............................................................................1第1章
1.1 Java概览............................................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Java的历史 ............................................................................................................2
1.1.2 Java的主要特性 ....................................................................................................3
1.1.3 Java的应用领域 ....................................................................................................4
1.2 Java 17的下载、安装及配置 ...........................................................................................5
1.2.1 下载Java 17 ...........................................................................................................6
1.2.2 安装Java 17 ...........................................................................................................6
1.2.3 配置环境变量 ........................................................................................................7
1.3 IDE的选择与使用 ............................................................................................................9
1.3.1 IntelliJ IDEA ..........................................................................................................9
1.3.2 Visual Studio Code ...............................................................................................11
1.4 第一个Java 17程序 ........................................................................................................12
1.4.1 在Windows命令行下创建项目 .........................................................................12
1.4.2 在IntelliJ IDEA中创建项目 ..............................................................................13
1.4.3 编写代码 ..............................................................................................................16
1.4.4 运行和调试 ..........................................................................................................21
小结 ..........................................................................................................................................26
思考与练习 ..............................................................................................................................26
Java数据类型与变量 ............................................................................29第2章
2.1 Java数据类型..................................................................................................................30
2.1.1 数据类型概述 ......................................................................................................30
2.1.2 Java基本数据类型和字面量 ..............................................................................31
2.1.3 转义序列 ..............................................................................................................38
2.2 变量和常量 ......................................................................................................................40
2.2.1 变量的声明和初始化 ..........................................................................................40
2.2.2 常量的定义 ..........................................................................................................44
2.2.3 类型推断的改进 ..................................................................................................47
2.3 枚举类型 ..........................................................................................................................50
Java程序设计
2.3.1 枚举的定义 .............................................................................................................50
2.3.2 枚举的使用 .............................................................................................................53
2.4 类型转换 .............................................................................................................................58
2.4.1 隐式类型转换 .........................................................................................................58
2.4.2 显式类型转换 .........................................................................................................60
2.4.3 案例研究与实践 .....................................................................................................62
综合实训 .....................................................................................................................................66
小结 .............................................................................................................................................68
思考与练习 .................................................................................................................................68
运算符、表达式与流程控制语句 ...........................................................71第3章
3.1 运算符和表达式 .................................................................................................................71
3.1.1 运算符 .....................................................................................................................72
3.1.2 表达式 .....................................................................................................................87
3.2 条件判断语句 .....................................................................................................................93
3.2.1 if和if-else语句 .....................................................................................................93
3.2.2 switch语句 .............................................................................................................95
3.3 循环结构 ...........................................................................................................................102
3.3.1 while和do-while循环 .........................................................................................102
3.3.2 for语句 .................................................................................................................104
3.3.3 break和continue语句 .........................................................................................106
3.3.4 循环语句嵌套 .......................................................................................................107
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................113
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................114
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................115
方法、数组与字符串处理 ....................................................................117第4章
4.1 方法 ...................................................................................................................................118
4.1.1 方法的定义 ...........................................................................................................118
4.1.2 方法的参数 ...........................................................................................................119
4.1.3 方法的参数传递 ...................................................................................................121
4.1.4 方法的作用域 .......................................................................................................121
4.1.5 方法的调用 ...........................................................................................................122
目 录
III
4.1.6 方法的返回值 ........................................................................................................124
4.2 数组 ....................................................................................................................................130
4.2.1 数组的定义和创建 ................................................................................................130
4.2.2 数组的操作 ............................................................................................................131
4.2.3 数组的遍历 ............................................................................................................132
4.2.4 二维数组 ................................................................................................................134
4.2.5 数组的特殊操作与技巧 ........................................................................................136
4.2.6 排序与检索算法 ....................................................................................................144
4.3 字符串 ................................................................................................................................155
4.3.1 字符串的定义与初始化 ........................................................................................156
4.3.2 字符串的常用操作 ................................................................................................156
4.3.3 字符串的比较与查找 ............................................................................................157
4.3.4 字符串方法的更新 ................................................................................................158
4.3.5 字符串的应用案例 ................................................................................................159
4.3.6 文本块的使用 ........................................................................................................161
综合实训 ....................................................................................................................................166
小结 ............................................................................................................................................170
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................171
面向对象程序设计 ...............................................................................177第5章
5.1 面向对象 ............................................................................................................................178
5.1.1 常用的术语 ............................................................................................................178
5.1.2 面向对象和面向过程的区别 ................................................................................179
5.1.3 对象 ........................................................................................................................180
5.1.4 类 ............................................................................................................................181
5.1.5 构造方法的概念与使用 ........................................................................................181
5.2 类、对象及关系 ................................................................................................................183
5.2.1 类的创建 ................................................................................................................183
5.2.2 对象的创建和使用 ................................................................................................187
5.2.3 类和对象综合实践 ................................................................................................189
5.2.4 UML .......................................................................................................................193
5.3 封装性 ................................................................................................................................198
5.3.1 访问控制 ................................................................................................................198
Java程序设计
5.3.2 Getter和Setter方法 ............................................................................................203
5.4 构造方法与初始化块 .......................................................................................................207
5.4.1 构造方法 ...............................................................................................................207
5.4.2 初始化块 ...............................................................................................................213
5.5 Java包和模块化...............................................................................................................218
5.5.1 包的定义和引用 ...................................................................................................218
5.5.2 模块化 ...................................................................................................................223
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................225
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................227
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................228
继承与多态 ..........................................................................................230第6章
6.1 继承 ...................................................................................................................................230
6.1.1 基础类和派生类 ...................................................................................................231
6.1.2 方法的重载和覆盖 ...............................................................................................235
6.1.3 继承的特点与应用 ...............................................................................................236
6.2 抽象类与接口 ...................................................................................................................237
6.2.1 抽象类和抽象方法 ...............................................................................................238
6.2.2 接口的定义和实现 ...............................................................................................242
6.2.3 接口的默认方法和私有方法 ...............................................................................246
6.2.4 接口的特点与应用 ...............................................................................................248
6.2.5 接口和抽象类的区别 ...........................................................................................249
6.3 多态 ...................................................................................................................................249
6.3.1 多态的概念 ...........................................................................................................249
6.3.2 多态的实现方式 ...................................................................................................252
6.3.3 多态的实际应用 ...................................................................................................256
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................261
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................264
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................265
Java系统类及应用 .............................................................................267第7章
7.1 Java常用系统类...............................................................................................................267
7.1.1 Object类 ...............................................................................................................268
目 录
7.1.2 包装类 ...................................................................................................................271
7.1.3 数学类 ...................................................................................................................274
7.1.4 时间日期类 ...........................................................................................................276
7.1.5 其他系统类 ...........................................................................................................280
7.2 异常处理机制 ...................................................................................................................283
7.2.1 异常的分类与原因 ...............................................................................................283
7.2.2 编译时异常检查 ...................................................................................................285
7.2.3 运行时异常处理 ...................................................................................................288
7.2.4 try-catch-finally语句 ............................................................................................289
7.2.5 自定义异常 ...........................................................................................................294
7.2.6 异常处理的高级主题 ...........................................................................................297
7.2.7 异常的最佳实践 ...................................................................................................298
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................299
小结 ...........................................................................................................................................301
思考与练习 ...............................................................................................................................302
输入/输出 ..........................................................................................305第8章
8.1 输入/输出基础................................................................................................................305
8.1.1 文件和流的概念 ...................................................................................................306
8.1.2 字节流和字符流 ...................................................................................................309
8.1.3 缓冲流 ...................................................................................................................312
8.2 标准输入/输出................................................................................................................314
8.2.1 System.in, System.out, System.err ........................................................................315
8.2.2 重定向标准输入/输出 ........................................................................................315
8.2.3 控制台I/O与文件I/O的互操作 ........................................................................315
8.3 文件读写 ...........................................................................................................................317
8.3.1 顺序文件读写 .......................................................................................................317
8.3.2 随机文件访问 .......................................................................................................320
8.4 文件操作 ...........................................................................................................................323
8.4.1 File类的使用 .......................................................................................................323
8.4.2 文件系统操作 .......................................................................................................328
综合实训 ...................................................................................................................................331
Java程序设计
小结 ............................................................................................................................................333
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................333
Java集合框架 .....................................................................................337第9章
9.1 集合框架概述 ....................................................................................................................338
9.2 泛型简介 ............................................................................................................................338
9.2.1 泛型的概念及其必要性 ........................................................................................338
9.2.2 泛型的语法 ............................................................................................................339
9.2.3 泛型的使用 ............................................................................................................339
9.2.4 泛型的作用 ............................................................................................................340
9.2.5 泛型在实际编程中的深入应用 ............................................................................340
9.2.6 泛型的限定 ............................................................................................................340
9.3 List接口及其实现 ............................................................................................................340
9.3.1 List接口简介 ........................................................................................................341
9.3.2 ArrayList类 ...........................................................................................................341
9.3.3 LinkedList类 .........................................................................................................342
9.4 Map接口及其实现 ...........................................................................................................342
9.4.1 Map接口简介 .......................................................................................................342
9.4.2 HashMap类 ...........................................................................................................343
9.5 ArrayList和HashMap的异同 ..........................................................................................344
9.5.1 共同点 ....................................................................................................................344
9.5.2 不同点 ....................................................................................................................344
9.6 高级特性和最佳实践 ........................................................................................................345
9.6.1 高级特性 ................................................................................................................345
9.6.2 最佳实践 ................................................................................................................346
综合实训 ....................................................................................................................................347
小结 ............................................................................................................................................352
思考与练习 ................................................................................................................................353
