Python程序设计与应用（第2版） / 高等教育新工科信息技术课程系列教材
定价：￥56.00
作者： 吴其林，孙光灵，张步群
出版时间：2024-12
最新印次日期：2024-12
出版社：中国铁道出版社
试读
- 中国铁道出版社
- 9787113313784
- 2版
- 559840
- 60269795-5
- 16开
- 2024-12
- 工学
- 计算机类
- 电子与信息大类
- 计算机类
- 本科
作者简介
内容简介
本书为高等教育新工科信息技术课程系列教材之一，围绕Python的计算生态环境，采用理论与实际案例相结合的方式，系统讲解了Python语言学习的路径。本书分15章，包括环境搭建，数据类型，列表、元组字典和集合，控制语句，函数，面向对象程序设计，模块与包的使用，文件操作，异常处理，数据库编程，网络编程，tkinterGUI编程，多线程编程，Python计算生态，Python应用案例等。
本书内容涵盖Python语言程序设计大部分知识点，叙述思路清晰，循序渐进，每章都以大量实例为依托，提供了各知识点的全面详尽的讲解。
本书适合作为高等院校Python程序设计课程的教材，也可作为对Python感兴趣的编程爱好者的自学用书。
本书内容涵盖Python语言程序设计大部分知识点，叙述思路清晰，循序渐进，每章都以大量实例为依托，提供了各知识点的全面详尽的讲解。
本书适合作为高等院校Python程序设计课程的教材，也可作为对Python感兴趣的编程爱好者的自学用书。
目录
第1章环境搭建..................................1
1.1认识Python.......................................1
1.1.1Python简史...............................1
1.1.2Python语言的特点...................1
1.2Python的安装...................................2
1.3Python的开发环境...........................6
1.3.1交互式解释器...........................6
1.3.2IDLE..........................................6
1.3.3PyCharm的安装与使用...........8
1.4Python程序开发过程.....................14
1.5Python注释的使用.........................15小结..........................................................15习题..........................................................16
第2章数据类型................................17
2.1变量和数据类型.............................17
2.1.1变量和赋值.............................17
2.1.2整型.........................................18
2.1.3浮点型.....................................19
2.1.4复数类型.................................19
2.1.5布尔类型.................................19
2.1.6类型判断.................................20
2.2关键字.............................................21
2.3字符串.............................................21
2.3.1字符串和转义字符.................21
2.3.2深入使用字符串.....................22
2.4运算符.............................................25
2.4.1算术运算符.............................25
2.4.2赋值运算符.............................27
2.4.3位运算符.................................28
2.4.4关系运算符.............................28
2.4.5逻辑运算符.............................29
2.4.6成员运算符.............................30
2.4.7身份运算符.............................30
2.4.8运算符的优先级.....................30
小结..........................................................31
习题..........................................................31
第3章列表、元组、字典和集合.......33
3.1列表.................................................33
3.1.1列表创建与删除.....................33
3.1.2访问列表元素.........................34
3.1.3增加列表元素.........................35
3.1.4查找列表中的元素.................36
3.1.5删除列表元素.........................37
3.1.6修改列表元素.........................38
3.1.7列表的运算.............................38
3.1.8常用方法.................................38
3.2元组.................................................39
3.2.1创建元组.................................39
3.2.2元组的基本操作.....................40
3.3字典.................................................41
3.3.1字典的创建和删除.................41
3.3.2字典元素的访问与修改.........42
3.3.3字典元素的运算符操作.........43
3.3.4删除字典元素.........................43
3.3.5字典的复制和更新.................44
3.3.6字典的遍历.............................45
3.4集合.................................................46
3.4.1集合的创建.............................46
3.4.2集合的访问与修改.................46
3.4.3集合的删除.............................47
3.4.4集合的运算符操作.................48小结..........................................................49习题..........................................................49
第4章控制语句................................51
4.1条件语句.........................................51
4.1.1单分支结构：if语句..............51
IIPython程序设计与应用（第2版）
4.1.2双分支结构：if...else语句.....52
4.1.3多分支结构：if...elif...else
语句.........................................54
4.2循环语句.........................................55
4.2.1for循环语句............................56
4.2.2嵌套for循环语句...................56
4.2.3while循环语句........................57
4.3break和continue语句...................59
4.3.1break语句................................59
4.3.2continue语句...........................60
4.4pass语句.........................................60小结..........................................................60习题..........................................................61
第5章函数........................................64
5.1函数的概念.....................................64
5.2函数的定义和调用.........................65
5.3函数的参数和参数传递.................69
5.3.1函数的形参和实参.................69
5.3.2位置参数.................................70
5.3.3关键字参数.............................70
5.3.4默认值参数.............................71
5.3.5参数传递.................................72
5.4变量的作用域.................................73
5.4.1局部变量.................................73
5.4.2全局变量.................................74
5.5迭代器和生成器.............................75
5.5.1迭代器和生成器.....................75
5.5.2排序与lambda.........................78
5.5.3高阶函数.................................79小结..........................................................80习题..........................................................80
第6章面向对象程序设计..................82
6.1面向对象概述.................................82
6.2类和对象.........................................83
6.2.1类定义语法.............................84
6.2.2对象.........................................84
6.2.3self参数...................................85
6.2.4实例变量.................................87
6.2.5类变量.....................................88
6.3方法.................................................89
6.3.1类方法.....................................90
6.3.2实例方法.................................91
6.3.3静态方法.................................91
6.4封装、继承与多态.........................92
6.4.1封装.........................................92
6.4.2继承.........................................95
6.4.3多态.........................................98小结........................................................100习题........................................................100
第7章模块与包..............................102
7.1命名空间.......................................102
7.1.1命名空间的分类...................102
7.1.2命名空间的规则...................103
7.2模块...............................................105
7.2.1导入模块...........................105
7.2.2导入与执行语句...................106
7.2.3import和from的使用..........108
7.2.4重新载入模块.......................110
7.2.5嵌套导入模块.......................111
7.2.6模块对象属性和命令行
参数.......................................111
7.2.7模块搜索路径.......................113
7.3包...................................................114小结........................................................116习题........................................................117
第8章文件操作..............................119
8.1文件概述.......................................119
8.2文件的路径...................................120
8.2.1路径的概念...........................120
8.2.2绝对路径与相对路径...........120
8.3文本文件的读写...........................121
8.3.1文件的打开与关闭...............121
8.3.2文件的读写...........................122
8.3.3文件的定位...........................125
8.3.4文件读写异常处理...............126
8.4文件操作函数...............................127
目录III
8.4.1文件操作相关函数...............127
8.4.2文件系统常用操作...............128
8.5二进制文件操作...........................128
8.5.1使用pickle模块....................129
8.5.2使用struct模块.....................130
8.5.3文件批量处理.......................130小结........................................................132习题........................................................132
第9章异常处理..............................134
9.1异常的概念...................................134
9.2异常处理机制...............................137
9.2.1try...except结构.....................137
9.2.2try...except...else结构............138
9.2.3多异常捕获...........................139
9.2.4try...except...finally结构.......142
9.3异常高级用法...............................143
9.3.1强制触发异常（raise）........143
9.3.2断言与上下文管理语句.......144小结........................................................145习题........................................................146
第10章数据库编程...........................147
10.1Python数据库API.....................147
10.1.1全局变量.............................147
10.1.2数据库异常.........................148
10.1.3连接和游标.........................149
10.1.4类型.....................................150
10.2轻型数据库与MySQL...............151
10.2.1SQLite的使用.....................151
10.2.2MySQL的使用...................154
10.2.3数据库应用程序示例.........156小结........................................................158习题........................................................159
第11章网络编程...............................160
11.1网络模块.....................................160
11.1.1Socket模块..........................160
11.1.2urlib和urllib2模块............163
11.1.3其他模块..............................166
11.2高级模块SocketServer...............167
11.2.1创建SocketServerTCP
服务器.............................168
11.2.2创建SocketServerTCP
客户端.............................169
11.2.3执行TCP服务器
和客户端.............................169小结........................................................170习题........................................................170
第12章tkinterGUI编程...................171
12.1tkinter编程基础..........................171
12.1.1第一个tkinterGUI程序.....171
12.1.2组件打包.............................173
12.1.3添加按钮和事件处理函数...175
12.1.4使用布局.............................177
12.1.5使用框架.............................180
12.2tkinter组件..................................181
12.2.1组件通用属性设置.............181
12.2.2输入组件（Entry）.............183
12.2.3列表框组件（Listbox）.....186
12.2.4复选框组件（Checkbutton）...187
12.2.5标签框架（LabelFrame）...189
12.2.6文本框组件（Text）..........190
12.2.7顶层窗口组件（Toplevel）...192
12.2.8菜单组件（Menu）............193
12.2.9工具栏.................................195
12.2.10对话框...............................195小结........................................................199习题........................................................199
第13章多线程编程...........................200
13.1线程概述.....................................200
13.1.1进程.....................................200
13.1.2线程.....................................201
13.1.3多线程与多进程.................201
13.2线程的创建与运行.....................201
13.3线程的管理.................................203
13.3.1阻塞线程.............................203
13.3.2后台线程.............................204
13.4线程安全.....................................205
IVPython程序设计与应用（第2版）
13.4.1线程安全问题.....................205
13.4.2互斥锁.................................205
13.4.3死锁问题.............................207
13.5线程通信.....................................209
13.5.1Condition同步线程............209
13.5.2使用Event实现线程间
通信.....................................211小结........................................................212习题........................................................212
第14章Python计算生态..................214
14.1常用第三方库.............................214
14.2Python标准库.............................215
14.2.1math库................................215
14.2.2random库............................216
14.2.3datetime/time库..................216
14.2.4turtle库................................217
14.3PyInstaller库...............................218
14.4jieba库........................................218
14.4.1分词.....................................219
14.4.2添加自定义词典.................219
14.5numpy基础科学计算库.............220
14.5.1创建numpy数组................220
14.5.2数组与数值的算术运算.....221
14.5.3数组与数组的算术运算.....222
14.5.4数组的关系运算.................222
14.5.5分段函数.............................223
14.5.6数组元素访问.....................223
14.5.7数组切片操作.....................224
14.5.8改变数组形状.....................224
14.5.9二维数组转置.....................225
14.5.10向量内积...........................225
14.5.11数组的函数运算................226
14.5.12对数组不同维度元素进行计算....................................227
14.5.13广播...................................227
14.5.14计算数组中元素出现次数...228
14.5.15矩阵运算...........................229
14.6matplotlib数值计算可视化库....229
14.6.1绘制正弦曲线.....................229
14.6.2绘制散点图.........................230
14.6.3绘制饼图.............................231
14.6.4绘制带有中文标签和图例的图..........................232
14.6.5绘制带有公式的图.............232
14.6.6绘制三维参数曲线.............233
14.6.7绘制三维图形.....................234
14.7pandas数据分析库.....................235
14.7.1安装pandas.........................235
14.7.2pandas的数据结构Series...235
14.7.3pandas的数据结构
DataFrame............................237小结........................................................240习题........................................................241
第15章Python应用案例..................243
15.1泰坦尼克号乘客生存分析.........243
15.1.1数据来源.............................243
15.1.2导入数据.............................243
15.1.3查看数据.............................244
15.1.4数据清洗.............................246
15.1.5数据编码.............................246
15.1.6数据可视化.........................249
15.2Python网络爬取.........................255
15.2.1BeautifulSoup库.................255
15.2.2爬取搜狐体育新闻.............261
15.3手写识别系统.............................263
15.3.1K近邻算法原理..................264
15.3.2KNN算法实现....................265
15.3.3KNN算法优缺点................266
15.3.4手写数字识别系统.............266小结........................................................271习题........................................................271参考文献..............................................272
1.1认识Python.......................................1
1.1.1Python简史...............................1
1.1.2Python语言的特点...................1
1.2Python的安装...................................2
1.3Python的开发环境...........................6
1.3.1交互式解释器...........................6
1.3.2IDLE..........................................6
1.3.3PyCharm的安装与使用...........8
1.4Python程序开发过程.....................14
1.5Python注释的使用.........................15小结..........................................................15习题..........................................................16
第2章数据类型................................17
2.1变量和数据类型.............................17
2.1.1变量和赋值.............................17
2.1.2整型.........................................18
2.1.3浮点型.....................................19
2.1.4复数类型.................................19
2.1.5布尔类型.................................19
2.1.6类型判断.................................20
2.2关键字.............................................21
2.3字符串.............................................21
2.3.1字符串和转义字符.................21
2.3.2深入使用字符串.....................22
2.4运算符.............................................25
2.4.1算术运算符.............................25
2.4.2赋值运算符.............................27
2.4.3位运算符.................................28
2.4.4关系运算符.............................28
2.4.5逻辑运算符.............................29
2.4.6成员运算符.............................30
2.4.7身份运算符.............................30
2.4.8运算符的优先级.....................30
小结..........................................................31
习题..........................................................31
第3章列表、元组、字典和集合.......33
3.1列表.................................................33
3.1.1列表创建与删除.....................33
3.1.2访问列表元素.........................34
3.1.3增加列表元素.........................35
3.1.4查找列表中的元素.................36
3.1.5删除列表元素.........................37
3.1.6修改列表元素.........................38
3.1.7列表的运算.............................38
3.1.8常用方法.................................38
3.2元组.................................................39
3.2.1创建元组.................................39
3.2.2元组的基本操作.....................40
3.3字典.................................................41
3.3.1字典的创建和删除.................41
3.3.2字典元素的访问与修改.........42
3.3.3字典元素的运算符操作.........43
3.3.4删除字典元素.........................43
3.3.5字典的复制和更新.................44
3.3.6字典的遍历.............................45
3.4集合.................................................46
3.4.1集合的创建.............................46
3.4.2集合的访问与修改.................46
3.4.3集合的删除.............................47
3.4.4集合的运算符操作.................48小结..........................................................49习题..........................................................49
第4章控制语句................................51
4.1条件语句.........................................51
4.1.1单分支结构：if语句..............51
IIPython程序设计与应用（第2版）
4.1.2双分支结构：if...else语句.....52
4.1.3多分支结构：if...elif...else
语句.........................................54
4.2循环语句.........................................55
4.2.1for循环语句............................56
4.2.2嵌套for循环语句...................56
4.2.3while循环语句........................57
4.3break和continue语句...................59
4.3.1break语句................................59
4.3.2continue语句...........................60
4.4pass语句.........................................60小结..........................................................60习题..........................................................61
第5章函数........................................64
5.1函数的概念.....................................64
5.2函数的定义和调用.........................65
5.3函数的参数和参数传递.................69
5.3.1函数的形参和实参.................69
5.3.2位置参数.................................70
5.3.3关键字参数.............................70
5.3.4默认值参数.............................71
5.3.5参数传递.................................72
5.4变量的作用域.................................73
5.4.1局部变量.................................73
5.4.2全局变量.................................74
5.5迭代器和生成器.............................75
5.5.1迭代器和生成器.....................75
5.5.2排序与lambda.........................78
5.5.3高阶函数.................................79小结..........................................................80习题..........................................................80
第6章面向对象程序设计..................82
6.1面向对象概述.................................82
6.2类和对象.........................................83
6.2.1类定义语法.............................84
6.2.2对象.........................................84
6.2.3self参数...................................85
6.2.4实例变量.................................87
6.2.5类变量.....................................88
6.3方法.................................................89
6.3.1类方法.....................................90
6.3.2实例方法.................................91
6.3.3静态方法.................................91
6.4封装、继承与多态.........................92
6.4.1封装.........................................92
6.4.2继承.........................................95
6.4.3多态.........................................98小结........................................................100习题........................................................100
第7章模块与包..............................102
7.1命名空间.......................................102
7.1.1命名空间的分类...................102
7.1.2命名空间的规则...................103
7.2模块...............................................105
7.2.1导入模块...........................105
7.2.2导入与执行语句...................106
7.2.3import和from的使用..........108
7.2.4重新载入模块.......................110
7.2.5嵌套导入模块.......................111
7.2.6模块对象属性和命令行
参数.......................................111
7.2.7模块搜索路径.......................113
7.3包...................................................114小结........................................................116习题........................................................117
第8章文件操作..............................119
8.1文件概述.......................................119
8.2文件的路径...................................120
8.2.1路径的概念...........................120
8.2.2绝对路径与相对路径...........120
8.3文本文件的读写...........................121
8.3.1文件的打开与关闭...............121
8.3.2文件的读写...........................122
8.3.3文件的定位...........................125
8.3.4文件读写异常处理...............126
8.4文件操作函数...............................127
目录III
8.4.1文件操作相关函数...............127
8.4.2文件系统常用操作...............128
8.5二进制文件操作...........................128
8.5.1使用pickle模块....................129
8.5.2使用struct模块.....................130
8.5.3文件批量处理.......................130小结........................................................132习题........................................................132
第9章异常处理..............................134
9.1异常的概念...................................134
9.2异常处理机制...............................137
9.2.1try...except结构.....................137
9.2.2try...except...else结构............138
9.2.3多异常捕获...........................139
9.2.4try...except...finally结构.......142
9.3异常高级用法...............................143
9.3.1强制触发异常（raise）........143
9.3.2断言与上下文管理语句.......144小结........................................................145习题........................................................146
第10章数据库编程...........................147
10.1Python数据库API.....................147
10.1.1全局变量.............................147
10.1.2数据库异常.........................148
10.1.3连接和游标.........................149
10.1.4类型.....................................150
10.2轻型数据库与MySQL...............151
10.2.1SQLite的使用.....................151
10.2.2MySQL的使用...................154
10.2.3数据库应用程序示例.........156小结........................................................158习题........................................................159
第11章网络编程...............................160
11.1网络模块.....................................160
11.1.1Socket模块..........................160
11.1.2urlib和urllib2模块............163
11.1.3其他模块..............................166
11.2高级模块SocketServer...............167
11.2.1创建SocketServerTCP
服务器.............................168
11.2.2创建SocketServerTCP
客户端.............................169
11.2.3执行TCP服务器
和客户端.............................169小结........................................................170习题........................................................170
第12章tkinterGUI编程...................171
12.1tkinter编程基础..........................171
12.1.1第一个tkinterGUI程序.....171
12.1.2组件打包.............................173
12.1.3添加按钮和事件处理函数...175
12.1.4使用布局.............................177
12.1.5使用框架.............................180
12.2tkinter组件..................................181
12.2.1组件通用属性设置.............181
12.2.2输入组件（Entry）.............183
12.2.3列表框组件（Listbox）.....186
12.2.4复选框组件（Checkbutton）...187
12.2.5标签框架（LabelFrame）...189
12.2.6文本框组件（Text）..........190
12.2.7顶层窗口组件（Toplevel）...192
12.2.8菜单组件（Menu）............193
12.2.9工具栏.................................195
12.2.10对话框...............................195小结........................................................199习题........................................................199
第13章多线程编程...........................200
13.1线程概述.....................................200
13.1.1进程.....................................200
13.1.2线程.....................................201
13.1.3多线程与多进程.................201
13.2线程的创建与运行.....................201
13.3线程的管理.................................203
13.3.1阻塞线程.............................203
13.3.2后台线程.............................204
13.4线程安全.....................................205
IVPython程序设计与应用（第2版）
13.4.1线程安全问题.....................205
13.4.2互斥锁.................................205
13.4.3死锁问题.............................207
13.5线程通信.....................................209
13.5.1Condition同步线程............209
13.5.2使用Event实现线程间
通信.....................................211小结........................................................212习题........................................................212
第14章Python计算生态..................214
14.1常用第三方库.............................214
14.2Python标准库.............................215
14.2.1math库................................215
14.2.2random库............................216
14.2.3datetime/time库..................216
14.2.4turtle库................................217
14.3PyInstaller库...............................218
14.4jieba库........................................218
14.4.1分词.....................................219
14.4.2添加自定义词典.................219
14.5numpy基础科学计算库.............220
14.5.1创建numpy数组................220
14.5.2数组与数值的算术运算.....221
14.5.3数组与数组的算术运算.....222
14.5.4数组的关系运算.................222
14.5.5分段函数.............................223
14.5.6数组元素访问.....................223
14.5.7数组切片操作.....................224
14.5.8改变数组形状.....................224
14.5.9二维数组转置.....................225
14.5.10向量内积...........................225
14.5.11数组的函数运算................226
14.5.12对数组不同维度元素进行计算....................................227
14.5.13广播...................................227
14.5.14计算数组中元素出现次数...228
14.5.15矩阵运算...........................229
14.6matplotlib数值计算可视化库....229
14.6.1绘制正弦曲线.....................229
14.6.2绘制散点图.........................230
14.6.3绘制饼图.............................231
14.6.4绘制带有中文标签和图例的图..........................232
14.6.5绘制带有公式的图.............232
14.6.6绘制三维参数曲线.............233
14.6.7绘制三维图形.....................234
14.7pandas数据分析库.....................235
14.7.1安装pandas.........................235
14.7.2pandas的数据结构Series...235
14.7.3pandas的数据结构
DataFrame............................237小结........................................................240习题........................................................241
第15章Python应用案例..................243
15.1泰坦尼克号乘客生存分析.........243
15.1.1数据来源.............................243
15.1.2导入数据.............................243
15.1.3查看数据.............................244
15.1.4数据清洗.............................246
15.1.5数据编码.............................246
15.1.6数据可视化.........................249
15.2Python网络爬取.........................255
15.2.1BeautifulSoup库.................255
15.2.2爬取搜狐体育新闻.............261
15.3手写识别系统.............................263
15.3.1K近邻算法原理..................264
15.3.2KNN算法实现....................265
15.3.3KNN算法优缺点................266
15.3.4手写数字识别系统.............266小结........................................................271习题........................................................271参考文献..............................................272
